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Benefits
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| Glass
remarkable properties which are best found in composite materials
where it is preferred reinforcement. |
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| Mechanical
Strength :
Glass
fibre has a greater specific resistance (tensile strength
/ volumeric mass) than that of steel. This characteristic
is the starting point for the development of glass fibre.
To produce high performance composites. |
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| Electrical
Characteristics : Its
properties as an excellent electrical insulator ,even at low
thickness,
combined with its mechanical strength and behaviour, in different
temperatures formed the basis of the first applications for
glass fibre. |
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| Incombustibility
:
As
a mineral material , glass fibre is generally incombustible.It
neither propogates nor supports a flame.When exposed to heat
it neither emits flame nor toxic products. |
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| Dimensional
Stability : Glass
fibre is insensitive to variations in temperature and Hygrometry
and has a low Co-efficient of linear expansion. |
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| Compatibility
with organic matrices : The
ability of glass fibres to accept different types of size
creates a bond between the glass and the matrix, enabling
it to be combined with many synthetic resins as well as certain
mineral matrices(plaster, cement). |
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| Non-rotting
: Glass
fibre does not detoriate and does not rot. It is not effected
by the action of insects and rodents. |
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| Low
thermal conductivity : This
characteristic is highly valued in building industry ,where
the use of glass fibre composites makes it possible to eliminate
thermal bridging, enabling considerable heat savings to be
made. |
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| Dielectric
permeability :
This
is essential in applications such as ,radomes electromagnetic
windows. |
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| Integration
of functions : Glass
fibre composite material can be used to produce one-piece
parts which integrates several functions and replace several
assembled parts . |
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| High
resistance to chemical agents:
When
combined with appropriate resins, composites with this characteristic
can be made from glass fibre. |
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E
glass :a pioneer
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1930 glass fibre has been considered one of the materials
of the future because of its dielectrical qualities : the
insulation of electrical conducters subjected to high temperatures
was to provide E glass, fibres used on its own or in association
with varnishes or synthetic resins,with its large scale industrial
application.E-glass fibre is the most commonly used type ,both
in textile industry and in composites,where it accounts for
90% of the reinforcement used. |
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R
glass : high mechanical performance
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| This
type of fibre was created at the request of the "leading
–edge" sectors :aviation, space and armaments. it meets
their requirements in the terms of behaviour of material in
respect of fatigue, temperature and humidity. Due to its high
technical performance it can be used for reinforcing helicopter
rotor blades, the floor of planes, rocket fuel tanks ,missiles
and missiles launchers.Developed mainly for these applications
,it can found other outlets , for example in the sports and
leisure industry.,transport and ballastic armours. |
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D
glass : very good dielectrical charcteristics
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| Composites
based on D glass have very low electrical losses and are therefore
used as a material which is permeable to electromagnetic waves.,
with important benefits in terms of electrical characteristicsD
glass fibre is used in the manufacture of rdomes, electromagnetic
windows, and high performance printed circuit boards. |
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AR
glass fibre:alkali resistant
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| AR
glass was specialy developed for the reinforcement of cement.
Its high Zirconium oxide gives it excellent resistance to
alkaline compounds generated during drying.The reinforcement
of cement with AR glass fibre gives improved modulus at break
with good durability.This means that moduling made in GRC(Glass
Reinforced Cement) can be uch lighter. |
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applications are : asbestos replacement in roofing and sheeting,cladding
panels and building components. |
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A-GLASS
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C-GLASS
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D-GLASS
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E-GLASS
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ECR
GLASS
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AR_
GLASS
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R-GLASS
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S-2
GLASS
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Oxide
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%
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%
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%
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%
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%
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%
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%
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%
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Si02
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63-72
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64-68
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72-75
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52-56
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54-62
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55-75
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55-65
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64-66
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Al2O3
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0-6
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3-5
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0-1
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12-16
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9-15
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0-5
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15-30
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24-25
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B2O3
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0-6
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4-6
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21-24
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5-10
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0-8
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CaO
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6-10
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11-15
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0-1
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16-25
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17-25
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1-10
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9-25
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0-0.1
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MgO
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0-4
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2-4
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0-5
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0-4
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3-8
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9.5-10
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ZnO
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2-5
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BaO
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0-1
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Li2O
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0-1.5
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Na2O+K2O
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14-16
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7-10
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0-4
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0-2
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0-2
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11-21
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0-1
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0-0.2
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TiO2
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0-0.6
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0—1.5
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0-4
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0-12
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ZrO3
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0-18
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Fe2O3
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0-0.5
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0-0.8
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0-0.3
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0-0.8
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0-0.8
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0-5
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0-0.1
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F2
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0-0.4
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0-1
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0-5
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0-0.3
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Physical Properties of Glass Fibre
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A-GLASS
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C-GLASS
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D-GLASS
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E-GLASS
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ECR
GLASS
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AR_
GLASS
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R-GLASS
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S-2
GLASS
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Density,gm/cc
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2.44
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2.52
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2.11
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2.58
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2.72
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2.70
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2.54
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2.46
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Refractive
Index
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1.538
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1.533
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1.465
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1.558
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1.579
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1.562
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1.546
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1.521
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Softening
Point,C(F)
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705
(1300)
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750
(1382)
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771
(1420)
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846
(1555)
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882
(1619)
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773
(1424)
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952
(1745)
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1046
(1932)
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Annealing
Point,C(F)
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588
(1090)
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521
(970)
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657
(1215)
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816
(1500)
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Strain
Point,C(F)
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522
(1025)
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477
(890)
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615
(1140)
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766
(1410)
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Tensile
Strength,Mpa
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-196oC
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5380
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5310
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5310
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8275
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23oC
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3310
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3310
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2415
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3445
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3445
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3241
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4135
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4890
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371oC
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2620
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2165
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2930
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4445
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538
oC
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1725
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1725
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2140
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2415
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Young’s
Modules,GPa
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23
oC
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68.9
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68.9
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51.7
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72.3
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72.3
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73.1
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85.
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86.9
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538
oC
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81.3
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81.3
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88.9
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Elongation
%
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4.8
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4.8
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4.6
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4.8
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4.8
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4.4
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4.8
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5.7
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Properties of Glass Fibres
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A-
GLASS
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C-
GLASS
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D-GLASS
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E-
GLASS
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ECR
GLASS
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AR-
GLASS
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R-
GLASS
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S-2
GLASS
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Durability(%
weight loss) CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
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H20:24
HR
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1.8
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1.1
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0.7
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0.7
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0.6
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0.7
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0.4
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0.5
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168
HR
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4.7
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2.9
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5.7
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0.9
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0.7
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1.4
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0.6
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0.7
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10%
HC:24 hrs
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1.4
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4.1
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21.6
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42
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5.4
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2.5
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9.5
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3.8
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168
hr
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7.5
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21.8
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43
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7.7
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3.0
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10.2
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5.1
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10%H2SO4:24
hr
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0.4
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2.2
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18.6
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39
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6.2
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1.3
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9.9
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4.1
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168
hr
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2.3
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4.9
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19.5
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42
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10.4
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5.4
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1.9
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5.7
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10%
Na2CO3 24 hr
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24
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13.6
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2.1
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1.3
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3.0
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2.0
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168
hr
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31
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36.3
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2.1
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1.8
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1.5
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2.1
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ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
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Dielectric
Constant
1MHz
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6.2
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6.9
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3.8
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6.6
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6.9
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8.1
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6.4
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5.3
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10
GHz
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4.0
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6.1
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7.0
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5.2
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Dissipation
Factor
1 MHz
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0.0085
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0.0005
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0.0025
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0.0028
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0.0034
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0.0020
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10
GHz
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0.0026
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0.0038
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0.0031
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0.0051
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0.0068
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Volume
Resistivity
(ohm-cm)
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1.0E+10
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4.02E+14
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3.84E+14
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2.03E+14
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9.05E+12
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Surface Resistivity
(ohms)
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4.20E+15
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1.16E+16
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6.74E+13
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8.86E+12
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Dielectric
Strength
(volts/mil)
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262
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250
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274
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330
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THERMAL PROPERTIES
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Specific
Heat
J/G
C (BTU/LB F)
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230C
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0.796
(0.190)
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0.787
(0.188)
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0.733
(0.176)
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0.810
(0.193)
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0.737
(0.176)
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2000C
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0.900
(0.215)
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1.03
(0.247)
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0.97
(0.232)
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Thermal
Expansion
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Coefficient(x
10-7)
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0C
(0F)
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0C
(0F)
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0C
(0F)
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0C
(0F)
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0C
(0F)
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0C
(0F)
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0C
(0F)
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0C
(0F)
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-300C
to 2500C
|
73
(41)
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63 (35)
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25
(14)
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54
(30)
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59
(33)
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65
(36)
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33
(18)
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16
(8.9)
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[Top]
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©2002
KE Technical Textile Private Limited
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